The Supreme Court clarified that the NCLT has no jurisdiction under Section 60(5)(c) of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 to adjudicate trademark ownership or disputed intellectual property rights outside the CIRP. It was held that transactions cannot be invalidated without a specific statutory avoidance application and that any declaration beyond an approved resolution plan amounts to an impermissible judicial modification, reaffirming the limited and insolvency-centr