The Appellate Tribunal clarified that an Operational Creditor may claim set-off of admitted mutual dues while filing Form-B during CIRP, even during the moratorium, provided such dues are undisputed, quantifiable and arise from identifiable transactions.

The NCLAT ruled that IU uploads cannot extend limitation for independent invoices under Section 9 of the IBC. Each invoice forms a distinct cause of action, and partial payments or invoice-specific acknowledgments cannot revive claims barred by limitation, making the petition time-barred.

Section 32A immunity under the IBC does not override PMLA attachments that were validly imposed and attained finality before commencement of CIRP; only PMLA authorities can grant relief, and NCLT/NCLAT cannot order their release.

The NCLAT confirmed that a fully completed property transfer—backed by registered documents, payment and possession—left no surviving rights for the legal heir, thereby validating the Adjudicating Authority’s direction under Section 60(5) to execute the Sale Deed during resolution plan implementation.

NCLAT held that a bona fide pre-existing dispute bars Section 9 admission and the Adjudicating Authority’s role is limited to assessing plausibility.

NCLAT held that property under an unexecuted sale agreement remains part of the liquidation estate, and the Liquidator may recover the original title deeds.

NCLAT held that absence of proof of time-value disbursal, repayment triggers, or default prevented classification of the transaction as a financial debt under Section 5(8) IBC.

NCLAT held that recourse factoring supported by an irrevocable undertaking constitutes a financial debt under Section 5(8)(e), affirming admission of the Section 7 application.

NCLAT set aside the admission of a Section 9 petition after finding that the Adjudicating Authority failed to consider a clear pre-existing dispute evidenced in the Section 8 reply and related emails.

NCLAT held that delay in submitting an EoI, when duly condoned without altering eligibility norms, does not constitute a material irregularity and restored the CoC-approved resolution plan.